{"id":300,"date":"2026-03-23T18:49:55","date_gmt":"2026-03-23T18:49:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.go-deck.com\/vn\/test-driven-development-in-agile-workflow\/"},"modified":"2026-03-23T18:49:55","modified_gmt":"2026-03-23T18:49:55","slug":"test-driven-development-in-agile-workflow","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.go-deck.com\/vn\/test-driven-development-in-agile-workflow\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed trong quy tr\u00ecnh Agile"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"Kawaii<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n
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\"Cartoon-style<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng tinh t\u1ebf gi\u1eefa t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Agile, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i kh\u00e9p k\u00edn, nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed (TDD) cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m t\u1eeb ki\u1ec3m tra sang ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9, d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf tri\u1ec3n khai TDD trong khung Agile. N\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e3, nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y v\u00e0o c\u00e1c chu k\u1ef3 sprint m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 tri\u1ebft l\u00fd c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \ud83e\udde0<\/h2>\n

Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n vi\u1ebft ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ecd bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m r\u00f5 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi vi\u1ebft chi ti\u1ebft tri\u1ec3n khai. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i d\u00f2ng m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh Agile, TDD \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1edbi an to\u00e0n. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 refactoring m\u00e3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 tin, bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i h\u1ed3i quy. S\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c sprint \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi giao h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

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    R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng:<\/strong>Vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed bu\u1ed9c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u00e0nh vi mong \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    Ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i:<\/strong>Ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1ee9c th\u00ec v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0nh cho vi\u1ec7c g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u:<\/strong>C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng, lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf:<\/strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed m\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0110\u1ecf-L\u1ee5c-Refactor \ud83d\udd34\ud83d\udfe2<\/h2>\n

    \u0110i\u1ec3m nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1eadp c\u1ee7a TDD l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i g\u1ed3m ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 tinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

    1. \u0110\u1ecf: Vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i<\/h3>\n

    Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed nh\u1ecf, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng mong mu\u1ed1n. \u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, m\u00e3 ch\u01b0a t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, do \u0111\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. S\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i n\u00e0y x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi. R\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 gi\u1eef cho ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed h\u1eb9p; c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ki\u1ec3m tra qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng trong m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/p>\n

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      X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n th\u00eam v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      Vi\u1ebft ph\u1ea7n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      Ch\u1ea1y b\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      2. L\u1ee5c: Cho n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n

      Khi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e3 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean th\u00eam t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ed5 sung, x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p bi\u00ean m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, hay refactoring \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y. Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0110\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

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        Vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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        Ch\u01b0a c\u1ea7n lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        Ch\u1ea1y ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn n\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        3. Refactor: L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch m\u00e3<\/h3>\n

        V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua, nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 do c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3. V\u00ec ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1edbi an to\u00e0n, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean bi\u1ebfn, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a logic. R\u00e0o c\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n xanh trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

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          \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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          Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 logic tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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          \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u1eabn ch\u1ea1y th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          T\u00edch h\u1ee3p TDD v\u00e0o l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch Sprint \ud83d\udcc5<\/h2>\n

          Vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p TDD v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh Agile \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1ch \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh r\u1ed3i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. TDD k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

          \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n

          Khi m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn cho m\u1ed9t sprint, \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 TDD th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i sau n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ban \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i n\u00ean xem vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed nh\u1ecf, th\u00ec c\u1ea7n chia nh\u1ecf th\u00eam.<\/p>\n

          X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/h3>\n

          C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn trong Agile \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng TDD, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. M\u1ed7i ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

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            C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng m\u01a1 h\u1ed3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed n\u00ean bao ph\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u phi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng (nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t) c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u1eb7p \ud83d\udc65<\/h2>\n

            TDD th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c. L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u1eb7p, n\u01a1i hai l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u1edbi TDD. M\u1ed9t l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

            M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh xem x\u00e9t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p bi\u00ean c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u00e9m, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n lu\u00f4n s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd. S\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ph\u1ea1m vi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

            X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u201cXong\u201d v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0m tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m \u2705<\/h2>\n

            Trong Agile, m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u201cXong\u201d (DoD). Khi TDD tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, DoD ph\u1ea3i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y chuy\u1ec3n giao tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng sang m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

            N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u00edch t\u1ee5. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o nh\u00e1nh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c minh. S\u1ef1 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t n\u00e0y b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ed3i quy th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

              \n
            • \n

              C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua cho m\u1ecdi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c minh s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e3 m\u1edbi n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \ud83d\udee0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

              M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 TDD l\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 g\u00e3y. Khi m\u00e3 d\u1ec5 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

              Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt. D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng quay l\u1ea1i vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 h\u1ed7n \u0111\u1ed9n khi ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c. B\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed cung c\u1ea5p l\u00fd do h\u1ee3p l\u00fd cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t module, h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n v\u00ec c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed s\u1ebd x\u00e1c minh h\u00e0nh vi.<\/p>\n

              Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh ch\u00fang \u26a0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

              M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch, TDD kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1ea7n k\u1ef3. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu quy tr\u00ecnh n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

              1. Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c<\/h3>\n

              Vi\u1ebft qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed n\u00ean t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o h\u00e0nh vi, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ebft tri\u1ec3n khai. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed b\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng m\u1ed7i khi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, ngay c\u1ea3 khi h\u00e0nh vi v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean.<\/p>\n

                \n
              • \n

                T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o giao di\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                Tr\u00e1nh ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ri\u00eang t\u01b0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                Gi\u1eef c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed nhanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                2. Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed chi ti\u1ebft tri\u1ec3n khai<\/h3>\n

                C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh t\u00ean bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c logic n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 mong manh. Khi m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed n\u00e0y s\u1ebd th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, bu\u1ed9c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed thay v\u00ec m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. C\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed n\u00ean m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

                3. B\u1ecf qua m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u0169<\/h3>\n

                \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng TDD cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. Trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i n\u00ean t\u1eadp trung vi\u1ebft ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed cho c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Theo th\u1eddi gian, khi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thao t\u00e1c, c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 bao ph\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u00e3 c\u0169. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh “C\u00e2y m\u00e2y”.<\/p>\n

                \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n

                L\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft TDD c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng? D\u1ef1a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9 bao ph\u1ee7 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 bao ph\u1ee7 cao kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • \n

                  S\u1ef1 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 l\u1ed7i:<\/strong> S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ed7i ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00ean gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                • \n

                  T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<\/strong> C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i n\u00ean c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i khi t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                • \n

                  \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng:<\/strong> Nh\u00e1nh ch\u00ednh n\u00ean hi\u1ebfm khi b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                • \n

                  Th\u1eddi gian v\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i:<\/strong> Th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb khi vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn khi bi\u1ebft m\u00e3 c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hay kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  TDD so v\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \ud83c\udd9a<\/h2>\n

                  Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa TDD v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng gi\u00fap l\u00e0m r\u00f5 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i. B\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y n\u00eau b\u1eadt nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  \n

                  Kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh<\/p>\n<\/th>\n

                  		\n

                  Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed<\/p>\n<\/th>\n

                  		\n

                  Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/p>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tri\u1ec3n khai<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  Sau khi tri\u1ec3n khai<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  T\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  An to\u00e0n v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  Nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 th\u01b0a th\u1edbt<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  M\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ed1ng (ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  Th\u1eddi gian g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  Gi\u1ea3m<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  Cao h\u01a1n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  Ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  Nhanh h\u01a1n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  Cao h\u01a1n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  Th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n (do n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                  T\u00edch h\u1ee3p li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 TDD \ud83d\udd17<\/h2>\n

                  Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a T\u00edch h\u1ee3p li\u00ean t\u1ee5c (CI). Khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p TDD v\u1edbi CI, v\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ee9c th\u00ec. M\u1ed7i khi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea9y m\u00e3, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 CI s\u1ebd ch\u1ea1y to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed n\u00e0o th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n

                  S\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a n\u00e0y ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba t\u00edch t\u1ee5 l\u1ed7i. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n lu\u00f4n \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 TDD, b\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 ch\u1eadm ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 mong manh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. V\u1edbi TDD, c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady, l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng CI.<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • \n

                    Ch\u1ea1y ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed cho m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                  • \n

                    Kh\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t n\u1ebfu ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                  • \n

                    Cung c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1ee9c th\u00ec cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                  • \n

                    T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng TDD tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 \ud83c\udfe2<\/h2>\n

                    Khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1edbn l\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh TDD tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i n\u00ean th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 quy \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c. S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

                    Chia s\u1ebb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ea5p cao n\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1ebb v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng tinh t\u1ebf trong vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i workshop v\u00e0 bu\u1ed5i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap lan t\u1ecfa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t. Theo th\u1eddi gian, TDD tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c v\u0103n h\u00f3a thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

                    Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong TDD \ud83d\udc65<\/h2>\n

                    Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u1ee7a TDD. Vi\u1ebft ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00f4 t\u1ea3. Vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0 duy n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n th\u1eddi gian. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i n\u00ean ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

                    C\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn. L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a TDD th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y sau giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ban \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. M\u1ed9t khi b\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, chi ph\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i Agile d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh duy tr\u00ec ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

                    Khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch m\u1ed9t v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u01a1i c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u h\u1eefu \u00edch, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Khi m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111ang b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh n\u00f3. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m lo \u00e2u v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

                    Suy ngh\u0129 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \ud83c\udfc1<\/h2>\n

                    \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed trong quy tr\u00ecnh Agile l\u00e0 cam k\u1ebft v\u1edbi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt, ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f3i quen \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u1ee3i \u00edch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

                    B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u01b0u ti\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb thay v\u00ec s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i. Chu tr\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecf-Xanh-Refactor tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, TDD bi\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n

                    B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ecf. Ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng chu tr\u00ecnh TDD. Quan s\u00e1t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin. T\u1eeb t\u1eeb m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y tr\u00ean to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9i. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Agile, duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 gi\u1eef v\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cao l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng tinh t\u1ebf gi\u1eefa t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Agile, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p ng\u1eafn…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":301,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed trong quy tr\u00ecnh Agile","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"M\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed trong c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng Agile. H\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 chu tr\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecf-Xanh-Refactor, l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p.","inline_featured_image":false,"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[5,11],"class_list":["post-300","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agile","tag-academic","tag-agile"],"yoast_head":"\nH\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed trong quy tr\u00ecnh Agile<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"M\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed trong c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng Agile. 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